Hans Eworth (c.1525-after 1578), Allegorical Portrait of Sir John Luttrell, c.1550, Oil on wood panel,109.3x 83.8 cm, The Courtauld Gallery, Somerset House, London
Created in 1550, this portrait reflects the distinct Tudor portraiture aesthetic, which favours symbolism and allegory. Eworth’s relocation to London in 1544 marked a pivotal moment in his career, as he adapted his artistic practices to cater to the tastes of English clients.
The portrait vividly commemorates Sir John Luttrell’s achievements in the Treaty of Boulogne, marking the end of the seven-year conflict between England, Scotland, and France. After the treaty, however, Luttrell remained imprisoned in Scotland until his debts were paid in September 1550, amidst his brother, Captain Hugh’s, suspected betrayal of Boulogne to the French. The painting highlights the spirit of unsettling times, the sitter’s dangerous political adventures, his triumphs, and fears, all reflected in this painting. The portrait, steeped in complex Tudor symbolism, depicts Luttrell naked, symbolising vulnerability or purity. This scene is set against a tumultuous period in history, with a ship struck by lightning and sinking, illustrating the chaos and danger of the times while men in boats desperately seek survival. Luttrell is shown defiantly shaking his fist at a vision of Pax (Peace), who offers an olive branch, a universal symbol of reconciliation and calm after conflict. He defiantly confronts Pax (Peace), who is placed with goddesses Venus (Love), Minerva (Wisdom), and the Three Graces (Charm, Beauty, Creativity). Including the warhorse, armour, and money bags in the company of mythological characters intertwines Luttrell’s personal narrative with the universal themes of struggle, wisdom, love, and the aspirational virtues of charm, beauty, and creativity.
