Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640), Portrait of Christophe Plantin (1520-1589), c.1616, Oil on oak panel, 95,5 x 80 cm, Museum Plantin-Moretus, Antwerp
This distinguished portrait is part of the first series of twelve commissioned by Balthasar I Moretus from his childhood friend Peter Paul Rubens. Although Plantin had already passed away in 1589, Rubens painted this likeness in 1616 based on an earlier portrait. The humanist and art-loving Balthasar transformed the humble home of his father into an architectural jewel and desired an extensive gallery of portraits. During the first series, between 1613 and 1616, he ordered this portrait of his grandfather, the founder of the house, Christophe Plantin; his father, Jan I Moretus; his teacher, Justus Lipsius; and others. It is believed Rubens charged him much less than he would typically charge his clients.
In this depiction, Plantin holds a book, an emblematic choice given his prominence in the world of printing. The compasses he holds were integral to his business logo, accompanied by the Latin motto ‘Labore et Constantia’ (‘Through work and constancy’). His printing establishment, known as ‘The Golden Compasses,’ was pivotal in disseminating knowledge during the Baroque era.
The print shop was one of the most influential in European history, playing a crucial role in spreading ideas across the continent. It facilitated the distribution of printed books and was instrumental in the circulation of radical and often banned ideas. From alternative theology and science to anatomy and illustrated editions of religious and mythological texts, Plantin’s and Moretus’s workshop production provided a vital reference for countless artists.
Rubens’ portrait goes beyond commemorating a successful businessman; it underscores the profound impact of the Plantin-Moretus family, which revolutionised the art and ideas of the 17th century. Through this collaboration, Rubens highlights the significance of their contributions to the art world, illustrating how pivotal figures can shape cultural and artistic history.