The current building of the Cathedral of Our Lady in Antwerp began construction in 1352 and was completed only in 1521, taking nearly 170 years to finish. This extended construction period led to a fusion of architectural styles.
Master builders Jan Appelmans (1352–1430), Pieter Appelmans (1373–1445), and Rombout II Keldermans (1460–1531) were instrumental in shaping the cathedral’s distinctive design. The octagonal part of the tower, designed by Herman de Waghemakere, was built in 1507. The tower was finally complete in 1518 when his son Damien de Waghemakere realised its magnificent spire.
Constructed from natural stone, the Cathedral features a high northern tower with spire-like stone lacework tracery, a lower southern tower, an octagonal lantern with an onion-shaped top, seven aisles, and multiple chapels. The exceptionally wide sash arches between the nave and side aisles further enhance the sense of openness within the interior. Notably, the traditional triforium is omitted and replaced by a decorative strip of meshwork above the arches, emphasising verticality and lightness.
The cathedral’s interior serves as a dynamic gallery of the city’s artistic heritage. Significant works include masterpieces by Peter Paul Rubens (1577–1640): ‘The Raising of the Cross’ (1609–1610), ‘Descent from the Cross’ (1611–1614), ‘Triptych with the Resurrection of Christ’ (1611–1612), and ‘Assumption of the Virgin’ (1625–1626). Other important artworks include ‘The Assumption of the Virgin’ by Anthony van Dyck (1599–1641), as well as contributions from Jacob de Backer (c. 1555–1585), Otto van Veen (1556–1629), Maerten de Vos (1532–1603), Hendrick van Balen I (1575–1632), Cornelis Schut I (1597–1655), and Artus Quellinus II (1625–1700).
