Brussels workshop of Willem de Pannemaker (c. 1510 – 1581),’ The Departure of Abraham’, after designs by Pieter Coecke van Aelst ( 1502–1550), c. 1540 – 1543

Brussels workshop of Willem de Pannemaker (c. 1510 – 1581),The Departure of Abraham, after designs by Pieter Coecke van Aelst ( 1502–1550), c. 1540 – 1543, Woven wool and silk tapestry with gilt metal-wrapped thread, 482 x 770 cm, Hampton Court Palace, Richmond upon Thames, Greater London

Willem de Pannemaker (c. 1510–1581) was one of the most prestigious tapestry weavers of the 16th century, producing monumental works for the royal courts of Europe, including Spain, France, and England. His Brussels workshop was renowned for its ability to execute complex designs with luxurious materials, often incorporating gold- and silver-wrapped threads. This level of artistry made his tapestries highly desirable among European rulers, who regarded them as political symbols of power, wealth, and cultural refinement.

European rulers knew their rivals were commissioning works from the same master weaver, but this only heightened their desire to outdo one another. The Habsburgs, the Valois, and the Tudors competed for the finest Brussels tapestries, using them as diplomatic tools and displays of power. These commissions served as status symbols, reinforcing alliances and rivalries across Europe. Monarchs were eager to secure unique designs, yet they could not always prevent their competitors from acquiring equally magnificent works, which only intensified the prestige of De Pannemaker’s tapestries.